Seamless Mobility: An Integrated Framework for Public Transport

The transport sector is essential to people’s daily lives as it facilitates the movement of people and goods. However, it remains a significant contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, accounting for 14% of total CO2 emissions, with road transport accounting for 90% of these emissions. The growing urbanisation has given rise to several challenges in the field of public transport and increased private vehicle ownership. This paper delves into the challenges and opportunities facing the Bangalore City public transportation system. The complexities involved in developing end-to-end connectivity are examined using case studies and interviews. An integrated framework for urban mobility—based on equity and accessibility—is proposed that not only addresses the deficiencies in the current public transportation system but also emphasises improving the user experience (UX). To operationalise this framework, a smartphone application is developed to integrate the compartmentalised public transport system and increase ridership, especially for the lower-income groups. Furthermore, this study contributes to the discourse on transformative improvements in the public transport system of Bangalore, addressing the needs for transport integration and the constant evolution of the dynamic urban environment.