Recent advances in high surface area porous materials for electrochemical energy storage devices

Electrochemical energy storage devices can be classified into two categories: supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries. These devices are designed to store and release energy, finding applications in both portable electronics and electrical vehicles. To remain competitive, a material must possess high energy density (E_d) and power density (P_d), allowing for higher mileage, faster charging, and slower discharge. Another crucial factor to consider is the overall weight/volume reduction and the material's high mechanical strength. Recently, porous carbon-based materials and multifunctional materials with high mechanical strength, flexibility, and electrical properties have garnered significant attention. This review summarizes recent developments in high surface area porous materials including porous carbon, metal-organic frameworks, and nanoporous materials for energy storage devices, highlighting their potential to enhance efficiency and overall performance, thereby support industrial application and commercialization.