Nutrition—nutrient delivery

A new advance of research and development in the functional food industry has been instigated by the emergence of nanotechnology. In particular, the enhanced delivery of nutrients to both humans and animals has garnered attention from both academic and industrial bodies over the past decade. This chapter briefly discusses functional food and bioactives in relation to nanotechnology in the food industry. The basic concepts of nanoparticles (NPs) for nutrient and food grade delivery systems used are outlined, and common challenges encountered, in relation to, for example, formulation, stability, and bioavailability (BA) of nutraceutical products are discussed. Particular attention is paid to nanodelivery systems based on encapsulation technology using polymeric NPs and studies detailing the delivery of food derived nutraceuticals are presented. The use of NPs to enhance BA along with key issues such as enhanced levels of nutrient absorption consequences and nanotoxicology are considered. The need for labeling, regulation, and recommendations for consumer acceptance of these products are also discussed.