Microalgal biofuels production and advances in sustainable applications

Microalgae biofuels have shown great promise for a variety of biofuels in both the green and economic environments. Microalgae exhibit superior photosynthetic production levels to speeds up the development of biofuels generation and CO2 fixation. As essential parts of microalgae membranes, lipids, and fatty acids function as stores of energy and as building blocks for metabolism. In this chapter, a thorough exploration has been piloted into the potential of microalgae as a renewable resource of biofuels. Microalgae produce different amounts of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, among other biomolecules. Certain biomolecules or the entire microalgae can be processed to produce a variety of biofuels, including as bio-aviation fuel, biodiesel, bio-alcohol, bio-oils, and biohydrogen. The production of bioenergy from microalgae involves the different processes such as chemical, thermochemical, and biochemical processes. The insights have been given for the potential advantages of biofuels derived from microalgae, as well as challenges and future outlooks.