ICT Diffusion, Foreign Direct Investment and Inclusive Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa

This study examines the joint effects of ICT diffusion (composed of access, usage and skills), and foreign direct investment (FDI) on inclusive growth in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The study draws on data from the World Bank’s World Development Indicators, and the Global Consumption and Income Project for the period 1980–2019 for the analysis. The study provides evidence robust to several specifications from the ordinary least squares and dynamic system GMM estimation techniques to show that: (1) unconditionally, both FDI and ICT diffusion induce inclusive growth in SSA; (2) compared to its direct effect, ICT diffusion is remarkable in fostering shared growth in SSA in the presence of FDI, and (3) relative to ICT access and ICT usage, ICT skills is more effective for enhancing inclusive growth in SSA. Overall, FDI modulates our ICT dynamics to engender positive synergy effects on inclusive growth. Policy recommendations are provided in line with the implementation of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Agreement and the projected rise in FDI to SSA from 2022.