Getting personal: Physiological measurements and human performance in safety critical tasks. Facing the ethical implications

The present papers presents and discuss the Ethical challenges that the use of physiological monitoring and AI driven technology used for human performance monitoring will imply for governments, companies, and individual workers. We focused on three aspects - the impact on privacy, on responsibility, and on autonomy. For governments to be considered responsible in relation to these new technologies, they will need to ensure that safety is improved but must also safeguard the privacy and autonomy of all citizens, especially the employees who can be considered vulnerable users in this, as they might not be given the option not to be "users". Organisations will gain an obligation to ensure that the privacy of their employees is protected. Whilst employees will in some contexts be willing (and have an obligation) to accept a degree of monitoring, e.g. in the interest of preventing harm to others, the organisations gathering data about them will gain new responsibilities regarding the storing and use of that data to potentially justify early interventions and the further encroaching on individuals' personal life. These and other ethical questions are discussed and further areas of research are identified.