Abstract
This article proposes a planar dual-band beam-steering compact antenna for Angle-of-Arrival (AoA) estimation in on-body Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The antenna operates at 2.34 and 5.65 GHz bands, with a diameter smaller than λ/2 and a profile of λ/100 , where λ is the wavelength at the lower band. The spherical modes theory is used to discuss the beam-steering and dual-band characteristics, demonstrating continuous beam-scanning performance across the entire horizontal plane. These properties are then studied to realize AoA estimation, where the performance is tested in free space and with a multilayer phantom. Overall, it is demonstrated that a measured peak error of 0.275° is realized in the free space case, increasing to 0.52° for the on-body setup. Owing to its small size, ultralow profile, advanced beam-steering characteristics, good on-body performance, specific absorption rate values below the established limits, and dual-band operation, the proposed technique is expected to find favorable applications in many emerging on-body IoT devices.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 23921-23932 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | IEEE Internet of Things Journal |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue number | 13 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2025 |
Keywords
- Angle-of-Arrival (AoA) estimation
- beam-steering antennas
- dual-band antennas
- Internet of Things (IoT) devices
- localization
- multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antennas
- on-body devices
- planar antennas
- spherical modes theory